V (stem)

Yukawa Keiko — Mon, 14 Mar 2011 06:15:33 +0000

The standard verb stem^? form V^? (stem)なさい can become just V (stem) in Kansai-ben. While this is a strong imperative or command, it can also be used as a suggestion on occasion.

Common uses:

Imperative

Grammar elements:

Kansai vs. Standard:

Standard	V^? (stem^?) なさい
Kansai-ben	V (stem)

Formation:

u-verbs and ru-verbs that have stem^? forms with two or more characters	V^? (stem)
ru-verbs that have single character stem forms and irregular verbs	V (stem) , but with the final vowel extended

Formation from standard:

Cases where the final vowel is not extended
	u-verbs	ru-verbs where the stem^? form has two or more characters
Standard	行きなさい	食べなさい
Kansai-ben	行き＿＿＿	食べ＿＿＿

Cases where the final vowel is extended
	ru-verbs where the stem^? form is on character	する	来る
Standard	寝なさい	しなさい	きなさい
Kansai-ben	寝ぇ＿＿＿	しぃ＿＿＿	きぃ＿＿＿

Example:

V^? (stem^?) as a strong imperative or command
Standard	またちこくするよ。早く起きなさい。
Kansai-ben	またちこくするで。早よ起き。
English	You're going to be late again. Get up!

V^? (stem^?) as a suggestion
Standard	カレー作ったから食べなよ。
Kansai-ben	カレー作ったから食べ。
English	I made curry. You can eat it if you want.

V^? (stem^?) without final vowel extension
Standard	今日は雨降りそうだから、かさ持って行きなさい。
Kansai-ben	今日は雨降りそうやよって、かさ持って行き。
English	It looks like it's gonna rain today--take your umbrella.

V^? (stem^?) with final vowel extension
Standard	まだ起きているの。早く寝なさい。
Kansai-ben	まだ起きてんのかいな。早よ寝ぇ。
English	Are you still up? Go to bed.

Commentary:

V^? (stem^?) な and V (stem) や

By adding な or や to the end of the command/imperative form, you can create more subtle nuances.

	Basic	Basic+な	Basic+や
Kansai-ben	早よ寝ぇ	早よ寝ぇな	早よ寝ぇや
Englishi	Go to bed.	Shouldn't you be going to bed soon?	You should go to bed soon.

V^? (stem^?) よし

By adding よし to the end of the command/imperative form, you can soften it somewhat. This is mostly done in female speech, and commonly done in the area of Kyoto.
When using this form, there is never and final vowel extension.

Standard	疲れたでしょ。お風呂に入れば？
Kansai-ben	疲れたやろ。お風呂入りよし。
English	You look beat. How does taking a bath sound?

Strong command/imperative

In Standard Japanese, one can strengthen the command/imperative by adding ろ (i.e. V^? (stem^?) ろ). This is not, however, done in Kansai-ben. When you want to add the same kind of strength in Kansai-ben, intonation and delivery are changed. The following examples give some demonstration, but please be warned: if you try to use these, your first use could be your last.

Standard	とっとと立て！	立たないかコラ！	てめえ、立たないかコラ！	立てと言っているのが分からないのかコラ！
Kansai-ben	とっとと立て！	立たないかコラ！	てめえ、立たないかコラ！	立てっちゅうんが分からんのかワレ！
English	Stand up!	Stand the !”#$ up!	Stand the #$%& up you $%&'!	Stand the #$%& up you $%&'!!!!!

Kansaibenkyou.net - Stem form